Twelve months ago, Chinese AI models were the scrappy underdogs — impressive on paper, inconsistent in production, and mostly discussed as "budget alternatives" to GPT and Claude. That framing is dead.
By February 2026, the three leading Chinese AI labs — Z.AI (formerly Zhipu AI), Alibaba, and Moonshot AI — have each shipped flagship models that score alongside Western frontier systems on rigorous, dual-judge benchmarks. Context windows have ballooned to 1 million tokens. Pricing has dropped to fractions of a cent per query. And agentic capabilities — tool use, web search, multi-step reasoning — have gone from experimental to production-grade.
This article maps the current state of Chinese AI through the lens of a head-to-head benchmark on a complex financial planning challenge, scored by two independent AI judges (Gemini 3.1 Pro and Claude Sonnet 4.6). The numbers tell a clear story: this is no longer a two-horse race between OpenAI and Anthropic.
Time to read: 8–10 minutes
To appreciate where things are in February 2026, consider what has changed since the models we benchmarked just three months ago:
| Metric | Dec 2025 Generation | Feb 2026 Generation | Change |
|---|---|---|---|
| Top Models | DeepSeek Reasoner, Qwen3-Max, Kimi K2 Thinking | GLM-4.7, Qwen 3.5 Plus, Kimi K2.5 | New flagships from all 3 labs |
| Max Context | 262K tokens (Qwen3-Max) | 1M tokens (Qwen 3.5 Plus) | ~4× increase |
| Best Score | 9.4/10 (Kimi K2 Thinking) | 9.0/10 (GLM-4.7, dual-judge consensus) | Dual-judge scoring raises the bar |
| Lowest Input Cost | $0.14/1M (DeepSeek) | $0.48/1M (Qwen 3.5 Plus) | Flagship-tier quality at bargain pricing |
| Vision Support | 2 of 3 models | 3 of 3 models | Universal multimodal support |
The shift isn't only in raw capability. The February 2026 cohort reflects a strategic pivot: Chinese labs are no longer optimizing purely for reasoning benchmarks. They're building general-purpose production models — with tool calling, vision, and enormous context windows — that compete for enterprise workloads globally.
Z.AI (rebranded from Zhipu AI) has kept a lower profile than DeepSeek or Alibaba, but GLM-4.7 may be the most underrated model in the global landscape. With a 200K context window, vision support, and pricing that undercuts most Western peers, it's positioned as an all-rounder for production workloads.
Alibaba's Qwen series has iterated faster than any other Chinese lineup. Qwen 3.5 Plus ships with a 1 million token context window — the largest among any production-grade Chinese model. Its hybrid MoE architecture (397B total, 17B active parameters) keeps costs remarkably low at $0.48 per million input tokens.
Moonshot AI carved its niche with Kimi K2, and K2.5 extends that lead into agentic territory. At 262K tokens of context with tool-use capabilities and strong operational reasoning, Kimi K2.5 is the model most likely to produce outputs you can act on immediately — crisis playbooks, implementation calendars, tax strategies.
| Feature | GLM-4.7 (Z.AI) | Qwen 3.5 Plus (Alibaba) | Kimi K2.5 (Moonshot AI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Context Window | 200K tokens | 1M tokens | 262K tokens |
| Input Cost | $0.54 / 1M tokens | $0.48 / 1M tokens | $0.72 / 1M tokens |
| Output Cost | $2.40 / 1M tokens | $2.88 / 1M tokens | $3.60 / 1M tokens |
| Vision | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ |
| Strengths | Completeness, structure | Creative frameworks, persona | Actionable tools, tax strategy |
Spec sheets don't settle arguments. We ran all three models through a complex, multi-part financial planning challenge — the kind of high-stakes, multi-dimensional prompt that separates true production models from demo-tier ones:
"I'm launching a bootstrapped startup with validated traction but no financial training. Provide a comprehensive financial planning education and framework covering unit economics, financial projections, cash flow management, pricing strategy, hiring decisions, funding strategy, key investor metrics, and when to engage financial professionals."
This demands breadth (8 topic areas), depth (actionable frameworks, not summaries), and judgment (advice calibrated to a non-MBA founder). Crucially, we used competitive refinement — each model saw the others' first-round responses and got a chance to improve — testing not just generation quality, but the ability to absorb, critique, and iterate.
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Strategy | Competitive Refinement |
| Rounds | 2 |
| Web Search | Disabled |
| Arbiter | Gemini 3 Flash |
| Models | GLM-4.7, Qwen 3.5 Plus, Kimi K2.5 |
Every response was independently evaluated by two AI judges — Gemini 3.1 Pro and Claude Sonnet 4.6 — across five weighted criteria. The dual-judge consensus score eliminates single-model bias and catches evaluator blind spots.
| Criterion | Weight | What It Measures |
|---|---|---|
| Accuracy | High | Financial formulas, benchmarks, advice correctness |
| Clarity | High | Structure, readability, accessibility for non-experts |
| Completeness | High | Coverage of all 8 requested topic areas |
| Creativity | Medium | Novel frameworks, original metaphors, unique insights |
| Usefulness | High | Immediately actionable advice, concrete next steps |
| Model | Consensus Score | Gemini 3.1 Pro | Claude Sonnet 4.6 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 🥇 GLM-4.7 | 9.0 / 10 | 9.4 | 8.7 |
| 🥈 Kimi K2.5 | 8.8 / 10 | 8.9 | 8.74 |
| 🥉 Qwen 3.5 Plus | 8.6 / 10 | 8.4 | 8.7 |
The 0.4-point spread between first and third place is remarkably tight. All three models scored above 8.5 — territory that was reserved for GPT-4-class models just a year ago. This isn't one strong model carrying two weak ones. The entire Chinese AI cohort has arrived at frontier quality.
| Criterion | GLM-4.7 | Qwen 3.5 Plus | Kimi K2.5 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Accuracy | 9.5 / 8.5 | 8.5 / 8.5 | 9.0 / 8.5 |
| Clarity | 9.5 / 9.5 | 9.0 / 9.0 | 9.0 / 8.0 |
| Completeness | 10 / 9.0 | 7.0 / 8.5 | 7.5 / 9.0 |
| Creativity | 8.5 / 7.5 | 9.0 / 8.5 | 9.5 / 9.2 |
| Usefulness | 9.5 / 9.0 | 8.5 / 9.0 | 9.5 / 9.0 |
Scores shown as Gemini Judge / Claude Judge
GLM-4.7 delivered what Gemini 3.1 Pro called "the standout response" — a 2,800+ word framework titled "The Founder's Financial Operating System" that addressed every single bullet point in the prompt with perfect completeness (10/10 from Gemini).
This isn't just about following instructions. It reflects a design philosophy at Z.AI: build models that don't skip things. In enterprise contexts — compliance documentation, research reports, educational content — that reliability is worth more than flashy creativity. GLM-4.7 introduced three types of break-even analysis (cash, accounting, investment), a "Three-Story Building" scenario model, and a concrete 4-week action plan.
Kimi K2.5 earned the highest creativity scores across both judges (9.5/9.2) by doing something unusual: it invented frameworks nobody asked for. The "Operational Load per Dollar (OLD)" metric, a "Crisis Decision Tree" with color-coded alert levels, and a full 90-day implementation calendar reveal a model that goes beyond answering prompts. It thinks about what the user actually needs beyond the question.
This creative, operational thinking is Moonshot AI's signature. Among Chinese labs, they've been the most aggressive in building models that behave like advisors rather than librarians.
Qwen 3.5 Plus took the most unconventional approach — a punchy, opinionated persona that reads like advice from an experienced mentor. Its Pre-Mortem exercise and "Default Alive" framework (correctly attributed to Paul Graham) landed well on both style and substance.
The trade-off: it deliberately skipped sections to stay punchy (7.0 completeness from Gemini). For blog posts, pitch narratives, or founder advice columns, that's a feature. For comprehensive reports, it's a gap. This positions Qwen as the Chinese model most attuned to Western content styles — possibly reflecting Alibaba's global ambitions.
| Metric | Value |
|---|---|
| Total Cost | $0.23 |
| Total Tokens | 211,378 |
| Total Execution Time | 9 min 16 sec |
| Rounds | 2 (initial + competitive refinement) |
| Judges | Gemini 3.1 Pro, Claude Sonnet 4.6 |
| Strategy | Competitive Refinement |
| Evaluation Mode | Standard (5-criteria weighted) |
When three Chinese models all score 8.5+ against dual Western judges on a complex knowledge task, the value proposition shifts. These aren't models you use because they're cheap. You use them because they're good — and the 30–50% cost savings is a bonus.
Unlike the Western market where OpenAI, Anthropic, and Google often compete feature-for-feature, Chinese labs have differentiated sharply:
On AI Crucible, the competitive refinement strategy ran all three in parallel and synthesized a combined answer that drew on GLM's completeness, Kimi's operational tools, and Qwen's clarity. The diversity of Chinese models makes them better in ensemble than three similar models from the same lab.
All three February 2026 models support tool calling, vision, and structured output. The next wave of differentiation won't be about raw generation quality — it'll be about how well these models execute multi-step workflows, manage state, and integrate with external tools. Moonshot AI's focus on agentic capabilities suggests they see this shift coming.
Choose GLM-4.7 if you need comprehensive, structured outputs where completeness matters — research reports, educational content, compliance documentation. Its 10/10 completeness score means nothing gets dropped. At $0.54/$2.40 per million tokens, it's also the cheapest option for output-heavy workloads.
Choose Kimi K2.5 if you need actionable, operationally detailed outputs — business plans, implementation guides, crisis playbooks. Its original frameworks and 90-day calendar demonstrate a level of operational thinking the others can't match. Particularly strong for US-based business advice with tax optimization coverage.
Choose Qwen 3.5 Plus if you need engaging, opinionated content or you're processing very long documents. Its 1M context window is unmatched, and its personality-driven outputs suit blog posts, pitch narratives, and founder advice. Lowest input cost at $0.48/1M tokens.
Based on our dual-judge benchmark using Gemini 3.1 Pro and Claude Sonnet 4.6 as evaluators, GLM-4.7 from Z.AI scored highest with a 9.0/10 consensus score, followed by Kimi K2.5 (8.8/10) and Qwen 3.5 Plus (8.6/10). GLM-4.7 excelled in completeness and accuracy, making it the top choice for structured, comprehensive outputs.
Dramatically. In December 2025, the best Chinese models (Kimi K2 Thinking, Qwen3-Max, DeepSeek Reasoner) were strong but had gaps — DeepSeek lacked vision, context windows topped out at 262K, and tool-calling was inconsistent. By February 2026, all three leading labs have shipped new flagships with universal vision support, context windows up to 1M tokens, and reliable agentic capabilities. Quality scores are now consistently above 8.5 across the board.
Yes. GLM-4.7's 9.0/10 dual-judge consensus score on our financial planning benchmark places it alongside frontier Western models at 30–50% lower cost. The gap between Chinese and Western models has narrowed to the point where "Chinese vs Western AI" is less useful than evaluating models individually on task fit.
GLM-4.7 costs $0.54/$2.40 per million input/output tokens. Qwen 3.5 Plus costs $0.48/$2.88 (cheapest input). Kimi K2.5 costs $0.72/$3.60 (most expensive). Our full benchmark across all three models, two rounds, and two evaluation judges cost just $0.23 total.
Competitive refinement is a multi-round evaluation strategy where each AI model sees the other models' initial responses before producing a final answer. This tests the ability to critique, absorb insights, and improve — simulating real-world workflows where models iterate. AI Crucible uses this alongside independent dual-judge scoring for rigorous model comparison.
Qwen 3.5 Plus from Alibaba offers the largest context window at 1 million tokens, followed by Kimi K2.5 (262K tokens) and GLM-4.7 (200K tokens). For processing very long documents, codebases, or conversation histories, Qwen 3.5 Plus is the clear choice.
Ready to benchmark these models on your own prompts? Start a free comparison on AI Crucible →